Physical Properties of Berea Sandstone
The following table of physical properties of Amherst Gray and Birmingham Buff Sandstone are based on test results using ASTM procedures. Tests were performed by Geocon Geotechnical Consultants.
Birmingham Buff Sandstone
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ASTM C170 Compressive Strength PSI |
ASTM C-99 Modules of Rupture |
ASTMC-97 Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity |
ASTM C-241 Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic |
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| Average | Average | Absorption Bulk Specific Gravity | Abrasive Hardness Value (1.1a) | ||||
| (PSI) | (MPa) | (PSI) | (MPa) | (%) | (kg/m3) | 10.89 | |
| 11576 | 79.8 | 1177 | 8.1 | 5.85 | 2153 | ||
Amherst Gray Sandstone
|
ASTM C170 Compressive Strength PSI |
ASTM C-99 Modules of Rupture |
ASTMC-97 Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity |
ASTM C-241 Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic |
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| Average | Average | Absorption Bulk Specific Gravity | Abrasive Hardness Value (1.1a) | ||||
| (PSI) | (MPa) | (PSI) | (MPa) | (%) | (kg/m3) | 9.48 | |
| 11169 | 70.1 | 772 | 5.28 | 6.2 | 2119 | ||
Berea Sandstone Facts
Silica (SiO2): 93.13%
Alumina (A12O3): 3.86%
Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3): 0.11%
Ferrous Oxide (FeO): 0.54%
Magnesium Oxide (MgO): 0.25%
Calcium Oxide (CaO): 0.10%
Alkali: Alk
Loss on Ignition: 1.43%
Berea Sandstone is an excellent building stone due to the composition of grains of Quartz bonded by Silica. The extreme hardness of the Quartz grains of Berea Sandstone enables it to preserve an abrasive non-slip surface. In addition to hardness,the quartz grains of Berea Sandstone possess a chemical resistance to the erosive action of the acidic chemicals in the atmosphere of today's cities. The silica bond does not deteriorate with time, exposure to water or temperature change and so prolongs to longevity of the stone.
Specifications
Cut Stone
Quality: All stone indicated on the drawings shall be fine-grained Berea Sandstone, quarried from the Northern Ohio deposits of Cleveland Quarries, and geologically referred to as the "Berea Formation." Sandstone shall be of homogenous composition throughout, with a moderate range of shadings and veinings, and shall come from quarries which have been in continuous operation for a period of 75 years or more.
Cut Stone Finishes: Exposed surfaces of sandstone shall be finished with a Sand-Sawed, a smooth planed, diamond sawed finish as desired by architects.
Samples: Prior to award of general contract, samples indicating range of color and veinings shall be submitted for approval of the architects.
Ashlar Veneering
Split Face Veneering: Sandstone fabricated by Cleveland Quarries shall be furnished in random length unjointed strips, smooth sawed on top and bottom beds, split on back and front faces, in approximately 3-1/2" to 4" bed thicknesses. Standard Course Height Ratio is: 15% - 2-1/4", 45% - 5", and 40% - 7-3/4". For large scale projects a 10-1/2" course height may be included. Other course heights and face finishes are also available. Please Note: Course height ratios may be varied by architects.
Coverage: Wall coverage obtainable with the height ratio given for Split Face Ashlar, using a 1/2" mortar joint, should be approximately 40-45 square feet per ton.
Pallets: All Ashlar Veneering is sold by weight and is furnished on wooden pallets, each of which contains approximately one ton quantities of specific colors and course heights. Prices are based on heights, colors and finish.
Rock Face Sills
Sawn beds and full rock face. Widths up to 12 inches, lengths up to 8 feet and up to 3 inches height. Drip groove is also available.
Patio Stones
Square sawn 2" thick from 12"x12" up to 24"x36". Square sawn 2" thick from 12"x12" up to 24"x36".
Slab
Buff and gray colors average size 72" x 60", available from 2" to 18" thick.
Cleaning
Stone work shall be cleaned down after completion of setting, using clear water and bristle brushes. Under no circumstances should acids or detergent be used. Stone shall be sponged free of mortar as the work progresses.